Kapi -> Confidence to conquer

Study Summary

This preclinical study evaluated the anxiolytic, antioxidant, and anti-colitic effects of an aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves in a rat model of acetic acid-induced colitis. Thirty-six rats were randomized into six groups and treated orally for 20 days with distilled water, loperamide (5 mg/kg), or Moringa oleifera leaf extract at doses of 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg. Colitis was induced on day 15 via intra-rectal administration of 4% acetic acid, except in the normal group. Behavioral assessments for anxiety were conducted on days 1, 8, 17, and 20. The highest dose of Moringa (100 mg/kg) significantly improved anxiolytic behaviors, as evidenced by reduced head dipping (2.00 ± 0.37 vs. 14.50 ± 0.72 in controls) and increased time spent in open arms of the maze (5.00 ± 0.37 s vs. 2.17 ± 0.48 s). The extract also attenuated colonic inflammation, as shown by reduced colon weight/length ratio and fewer macroscopic lesions. Biochemically, Moringa reduced malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels in the brain, and increased antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase) and glutathione levels in the serum. These findings suggest that Moringa oleifera leaf extract exhibits protective effects against colonic inflammation, oxidative stress, and anxiety-like behavior in colitis, supporting its traditional use for gastrointestinal and stress-related conditions.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports a Healthy Inflammatory Response in the Gut
    – Moringa oleifera significantly reduced colon inflammation, weight/length ratio, and lesion severity in rats with chemically induced colitis.

  2. Promotes Gastrointestinal Comfort
    – The extract alleviated colitis symptoms and improved colon histology, suggesting support for gastrointestinal health.

  3. Helps Reduce Occasional Anxiety and Nervousness
    – Behavioral tests showed improved anxiolytic responses in rats, with reduced head dipping and increased open-arm exploration.

  4. Supports Antioxidant Defense in the Brain and Body
    – Moringa increased glutathione and catalase activity while reducing malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels, indicating systemic antioxidant effects.

  5. May Alleviate Stress-Related Digestive Discomfort
    – The dual improvement in oxidative markers and anxiety-like behaviors in colitis suggests Moringa may support stress-linked GI health.

  6. Plant-Based Support for Oxidative Stress and Mood Balance
    – Results demonstrated a reduction in oxidative biomarkers and enhanced brain antioxidant enzyme activity, contributing to mood regulation.

Noubissi PA, Njilifac Q, Fokam Tagne MA, et al. Anxiolytic and anti-colitis effects of Moringa oleifera leaf-aqueous extract on acetic acid-induced colon inflammation in rat. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022;154:113652. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113652 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36067569/

Study Summary

This preclinical study investigated the neuroprotective effects of Moringa oleifera seed oil (MOO) and aqueous leaf extract (MOE) in a mouse model of scopolamine (Sco)-induced cognitive impairment. Mice were treated orally with either 2 ml/kg of MOO or 500 mg/kg of MOE for 28 days, and Sco (1 mg/kg) was administered during the final 7 days to induce memory deficits. Behavioral testing (Y-maze and novel object recognition) showed that Sco impaired memory, increased hippocampal acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity, and elevated serum total antioxidant capacity (TAOC). Notably, MOO significantly reversed the Sco-induced memory impairment and normalized AChE activity (p < 0.0001), while MOE showed partial effects. Additionally, MOO suppressed Sco-induced elevations in tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) and NF-κB protein expression in the hippocampus, suggesting modulation of neurotrophic and inflammatory signaling pathways. These results indicate that Moringa seed oil exhibits stronger neuroprotective effects than the aqueous leaf extract, potentially via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cholinesterase-inhibitory mechanisms.

Claims (Based on Preclinical Outcomes)

  1. Supports Memory and Cognitive Performance
    – Moringa oleifera seed oil improved memory retention and object recognition in mice with induced cognitive deficits.

  2. Promotes Healthy Brain Function
    – MOO supplementation normalized hippocampal acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity, supporting cholinergic function critical to memory.

  3. Provides Neuroprotective Antioxidant Activity
    – Total antioxidant capacity remained stable in treated groups, and hippocampal oxidative stress markers were modulated favorably by MOO.

  4. Modulates Brain Inflammation Pathways
    – Moringa seed oil reduced the expression of NF-κB, a key transcription factor in neuroinflammatory signaling.

  5. Supports Neurotrophic Signaling Pathways
    – MOO regulated TrkB receptor expression, which is linked to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling and neuronal survival.

Arozal W, Purwoningsih E, Lee HJ, Barinda AJ, Munim A. Effects of Moringa oleifera in Two Independents Formulation and as Neuroprotective Agent Against Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice. Front Nutr. 2022;9:799127. Published 2022 Mar 1. doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.799127 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35299766/

Study Summary

This in vitro study evaluated the neuroprotective effects of methanol extracts of Moringa oleifera leaf powder on hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma cells, a model relevant to age-related neurodegenerative disorders. Nutritional analysis showed that Moringa leaf powder is rich in macronutrients—28.50% carbohydrates, 25.02% proteins, 10.42% fat, 11.83% fiber—as well as micronutrients like β-carotene (1.108 mg), vitamin B1 (326.4 µg/100g), and vitamin C (15.2 mg/100g). Methanol extracts displayed higher total phenolic content and stronger antioxidant capacity than acetone extracts. Pretreatment with 25 µg/mL of methanol extract significantly improved cell viability, reduced intracellular ROS, decreased lipid peroxidation, and enhanced antioxidant defense markers such as glutathione and key enzymes. Furthermore, the extract helped maintain mitochondrial integrity by increasing membrane potential and regulating calcium levels. These findings suggest Moringa oleifera may serve as a functional food with neuroprotective properties through oxidative stress modulation and mitochondrial support.

Claims (Based on Preclinical Outcomes)

  1. Supports Cellular Antioxidant Defense
    – Moringa oleifera extract reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and boosted antioxidant enzyme activity in stressed neuronal cells.

  2. Promotes Mitochondrial Health
    – The extract enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential and regulated intracellular calcium, indicating support for energy metabolism and cellular resilience.

  3. Helps Protect Brain Cells from Oxidative Stress
    – Pretreatment with Moringa extract improved survival of neuronal cells exposed to oxidative damage.

  4. Provides Nutritional Support for Cognitive Wellness
    – Moringa is rich in protein, fiber, β-carotene, and vitamins B1 and C, contributing to brain and nervous system health.

  5. Helps Maintain Redox Balance in Neuronal Cells
    – Increased glutathione levels and reduced oxidative biomarkers indicate its role in maintaining redox homeostasis.

González-Burgos E, Ureña-Vacas I, Sánchez M, Gómez-Serranillos MP. Nutritional Value of Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaf Powder Extracts and Their Neuroprotective Effects via Antioxidative and Mitochondrial Regulation. Nutrients. 2021;13(7):2203. Published 2021 Jun 26. doi:10.3390/nu13072203 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34206952/

Study Summary

In this pilot clinical trial conducted in Mali, researchers evaluated the short-term effects of Moringa oleifera leaf powder on post-prandial blood glucose in 70 participants—35 with type 2 diabetes and 35 non-diabetic healthy volunteers. Over three study visits, each participant consumed 100g of white bread following a 13-hour fast. Blood glucose was measured at baseline and at 30-minute intervals over 3 hours. On the second and third visits, participants consumed either 1g or 2g of Moringa oleifera leaf powder 30 minutes after the meal. While no glucose-lowering effect was observed in healthy volunteers, diabetic patients showed a significant reduction in blood glucose levels at 90 minutes post-meal, particularly with the 2g dose. A downward trend in the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) was also noted, indicating reduced overall glycemic exposure. No adverse effects were reported. These results suggest that Moringa oleifera may help modulate post-meal blood sugar spikes in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Helps Maintain Healthy Post-Meal Blood Sugar Levels
    – Moringa oleifera leaf powder reduced post-prandial glucose levels at 90 minutes in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

  2. Supports Healthy Glycemic Response
    – A downward trend in total glycemic exposure (iAUC) was observed, particularly at the 2g dose.

  3. Safe and Well-Tolerated for Blood Sugar Support
    – No side effects were reported by any participants, indicating good tolerability at both 1g and 2g doses.

  4. May Assist in Managing Post-Prandial Glycemic Spikes
    – The glucose-lowering effect was specifically observed after meals, suggesting its use for managing post-meal glucose surges.

Sissoko, L., Diarra, N., Nientao, I., Stuart, B., Togola, A., Diallo, D. and Willcox, M.L., 2020. Moringa oleifera leaf powder for type 2 diabetes: a pilot clinical trial. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 17(2), pp.29-36. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajtcam/article/view/244852

Study Summary

In this 3-month, unblinded, randomized controlled trial, 45 Sahrawi women with type 2 diabetes on oral glucose-lowering medications were enrolled to assess the effects of Moringa oleifera leaf powder on glycemic control. Participants were randomized to either an experimental group (n = 30) receiving 10 g/day of M. oleifera leaf powder or a control group (n = 15) with no supplementation. Baseline and end-of-study measurements included fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and body composition. After three months, the Moringa group exhibited a significant reduction in glycated hemoglobin (−0.59%, 95% CI: −0.93 to −0.25, p < 0.001) and body fat percentage (−1.5%, 95% CI: −2.5 to −0.5, p < 0.001), while the control group showed no meaningful changes. Nutritional analysis of the Moringa leaf powder confirmed it was rich in protein, fiber, and flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol glycosides. These findings suggest that Moringa oleifera supplementation may serve as a natural adjunct to standard antidiabetic therapies to improve metabolic parameters in women with type 2 diabetes.

Claims (Based on Study Outcomes)

  1. Helps Maintain Healthy Blood Sugar Levels
    – Daily supplementation with Moringa oleifera leaf powder significantly reduced glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in women with type 2 diabetes.

  2. Supports Glycemic Control in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes
    – A 3-month regimen of Moringa oleifera improved long-term markers of glucose regulation when used alongside oral antidiabetic medications.

  3. Promotes Healthy Body Composition
    – Participants in the Moringa group experienced a significant reduction in body fat percentage compared to controls.

  4. Provides Dietary Flavonoids and Nutrients with Functional Benefits
    – The Moringa powder was rich in protein, fiber, and antioxidant flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol-glucosides, which are associated with metabolic health.

Leone, A., Di Lello, S., Bertoli, S., Ravasenghi, S., De Amicis, R., Menichetti, F., Fico, G., Santagostini, L., Mohamed-Iahdih, B., Saleh, S.M.L. and Battezzati, A., 2025. Moringa oleifera leaf powder enhances glycemic control in sahrawi women with type 2 diabetes: Findings from a 3-month unblinded randomized controlled trial. PharmaNutrition, p.100434. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213434425000064

Study Summary

This prospective, placebo-controlled clinical study evaluated the impact of consuming cooked Moringa oleifera leaves on postprandial blood pressure in healthy adults. Forty-one participants were randomly selected, with the case group consuming 120 grams of cooked M. oleifera leaves and the control group receiving no Moringa. Blood pressure was measured at baseline and followed over a 24-hour period. A significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was observed in the Moringa group two hours post-meal (p = 0.013), with a downward trend in both systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure despite high sodium intake (approximately 7 g/day). In contrast, participants in the control group with high salt intake demonstrated elevated BP. The findings suggest that even in the context of elevated dietary sodium, consumption of Moringa oleifera leaves may help reduce postprandial blood pressure, supporting its potential cardiovascular benefits in healthy individuals.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Healthy Blood Pressure Levels
    – Consumption of 120 g cooked Moringa oleifera leaves significantly lowered diastolic blood pressure two hours after a meal.

  2. Helps Maintain Cardiovascular Health Post-Meal
    – Postprandial measurements showed a trend toward reduced systolic and diastolic BP in the Moringa group, even with high salt intake.

  3. Promotes a Balanced Vascular Response
    – Moringa oleifera leaves moderated blood pressure changes following food intake, suggesting vascular stability benefits.

  4. May Offset Dietary Salt Effects on Blood Pressure
    – Blood pressure remained lower in the Moringa group despite high dietary sodium, indicating a potential moderating effect on salt-induced BP elevation

Chan Sun M, Ruhomally ZB, Boojhawon R, Neergheen-Bhujun VS. Consumption of Moringa oleifera Lam Leaves Lowers Postprandial Blood Pressure. J Am Coll Nutr. 2020;39(1):54-62. doi:10.1080/07315724.2019.1608602 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31063434/

Study Summary

This 24-week preclinical study investigated the retinoprotective effects of Moringa oleifera (MO) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Researchers evaluated the impact of MO on key retinal parameters associated with diabetic retinopathy, including oxidative stress markers (glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase), pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β), and angiogenic factors (VEGF, PKC-β). Diabetic rats displayed significant retinal oxidative damage, inflammation, vascular leakage, and thickening of the capillary basement membrane. MO treatment significantly suppressed the expression of inflammatory and angiogenic proteins, restored antioxidant enzyme activities, and prevented retinal vessel dilation and leakage as observed in fluorescein angiography. Moreover, electron microscopy revealed that MO prevented the thickening of the retinal capillary basement membrane. These findings suggest that Moringa oleifera exerts protective effects on diabetic retinal tissue through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic pathways.

Claims (Based on Preclinical Outcomes)

  1. Supports Retinal Health
    – Moringa oleifera reduced retinal vessel leakage and maintained vascular integrity in diabetic rats.

  2. Promotes a Healthy Inflammatory Response in the Eyes
    – Treatment with MO downregulated inflammatory markers TNF-α and IL-1β in retinal tissue.

  3. Protects Against Oxidative Stress in the Retina
    – MO restored antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in diabetic retinae.

  4. Helps Maintain Normal Retinal Vascular Structure
    – Fluorescein angiography and microscopy revealed that MO preserved retinal vessel caliber and basement membrane thickness.

  5. May Help Reduce Diabetic Retinal Damage
    – The study indicates MO’s potential to mitigate angiogenesis (via VEGF and PKC-β) and inflammation linked to diabetic retinopathy progression.

Kumar Gupta S, Kumar B, Srinivasan BP, et al. Retinoprotective effects of Moringa oleifera via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic mechanisms in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2013;29(4):419-426. doi:10.1089/jop.2012.0089 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23215831/

Study Summary

This experimental study investigated the influence of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf extract on exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy in Wistar rats. A total of 24 rats were divided into four groups: control (Co), MO extract (Mo), exercise-only (Ex), and exercise combined with MO extract (MoEx). The interventions were administered five days per week for four weeks. Moderate-intensity exercise led to physiological cardiac hypertrophy, demonstrated by increased heart weight and favorable histological features such as mild hypertrophy and preserved myocardial structure. However, rats receiving both MO extract and exercise (MoEx) displayed reduced adaptive cardiac changes, with only 16.7% showing cardiac hypertrophy and signs of myofiber disarray, compared to 83.3% hypertrophy and 50% myofiber disarray in the Ex group. These results suggest that MO leaf extract may interfere with the physiological reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling required for beneficial cardiac adaptation to exercise. The study highlights the complexity of antioxidant supplementation during exercise, particularly with potent botanical agents like MO.

Claims (Based on Preclinical Outcomes)

  1. Rich in Antioxidants That Modulate Exercise Responses
    – MO leaf extract altered ROS-dependent physiological adaptations in cardiac muscle during moderate exercise.

  2. May Influence Exercise-Induced Cardiac Adaptation
    – The study suggests that MO supplementation interfered with normal cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling in response to training.

  3. Affects Cellular Stress Pathways Involved in Heart Function
    – MO extract modulated ROS-related signaling that contributes to exercise-induced cardiac remodeling.

  4. Provides Antioxidant Support That May Modify Heart Muscle Remodeling
    – Co-administration of MO leaf extract reduced exercise-induced structural changes in cardiomyocytes.

Jasaputra DK, Lucretia T, Ray HRD, et al. Moringa oleifera Leaves Extract Alters Exercise-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy Adaptation. Pak J Biol Sci. 2022;25(3):210-217. doi:10.3923/pjbs.2022.210.217 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35234011/

Study Summary

This controlled animal study evaluated the antifatigue effects and underlying mechanisms of a combination of Moringa oleifera leaves and Polygonatum polysaccharides (MP) in male Kunming mice. In a 14-day oral administration protocol, mice receiving the MP composition showed a significantly longer exhaustive swimming time compared to controls, indicating enhanced physical endurance (P<0.05). In a follow-up biochemical analysis post-swimming, MP-treated mice exhibited elevated serum glucose, hepatic glycogen, hepatic ATP content, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities (hepatic SOD, LDH, ATPase, and muscle GSH-Px), compared to swimming-only controls. Furthermore, the MP group showed decreased serum markers of fatigue and oxidative stress such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and malondialdehyde (MDA), with improved redox status (increased GSH). These results suggest that the antifatigue properties of the MP combination are mediated through antioxidant protection and improved energy metabolism.

Claims (Based on Preclinical Outcomes)

  1. Supports Physical Endurance
    – Mice treated with the Moringa–Polygonatum combination exhibited significantly increased swim-to-exhaustion times.

  2. Helps Reduce Occasional Fatigue
    – Supplementation improved blood glucose and ATP levels, indicators of better energy availability during exercise.

  3. Promotes Healthy Energy Metabolism
    – Hepatic ATP, glycogen stores, and key metabolic enzymes (LDH, ATPase) were upregulated with the composition.

  4. Provides Antioxidant Support
    – Enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, GSH-Px) and reduced oxidative markers (MDA, BUN) suggest improved cellular defense mechanisms.

  5. Aids in Post-Exercise Recovery
    – The composition helped normalize fatigue-related biochemical markers following physical exertion.

Gao WN, Bian XY, Xu QG, Dong WY, Ma YY, Guo CJ. Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi. 2022;38(4):308-312. doi:10.12047/j.cjap.6307.2022.058 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36414552/

Study Summary

This 12-week preclinical study assessed the cardioprotective effects of methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves (MEML) in rats with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Rats were fed an HFD to induce obesity and were subsequently treated with either 200 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg of MEML. The extract was rich in nutrients, minerals, and diverse phenolic compounds as confirmed by LC-ESI-MS analysis. HFD consumption led to increased body weight, elevated serum cholesterol and triglycerides, and decreased HDL-C levels. It also resulted in elevated cardiac enzyme markers and oxidative stress, characterized by reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, GPx, SOD) and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Treatment with MEML significantly restored lipid profile, improved antioxidant enzyme activities, reduced MDA levels, and preserved the histological integrity of cardiac tissue, particularly at the higher dose. These findings suggest that Moringa oleifera leaf extract may counteract cardiac oxidative damage and biochemical disturbances associated with obesity.

Claims (Based on Preclinical Outcomes)

  1. Supports Healthy Heart Function Under Metabolic Stress
    – Moringa oleifera leaf extract reduced cardiac enzyme markers and oxidative damage in obese rats.

  2. Helps Maintain Antioxidant Defense in the Heart
    – Treatment with MEML restored the activity of key antioxidant enzymes including catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase.

  3. Promotes Healthy Lipid Metabolism
    – Supplementation lowered total cholesterol and triglycerides while improving HDL-C levels in high-fat diet-fed rats.

  4. May Help Counteract Diet-Induced Oxidative Stress
    – MEML decreased malondialdehyde levels and reversed lipid peroxidation effects in cardiac tissues.

  5. Supports Heart Tissue Integrity During Obesity
    – Histological analysis revealed preservation of normal cardiac structure following MEML treatment.

Mabrouki L, Rjeibi I, Taleb J, Zourgui L. Cardiac Ameliorative Effect of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Rat Model. Biomed Res Int. 2020;2020:6583603. Published 2020 Feb 27. doi:10.1155/2020/6583603 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32190675/

Study Summary

This preclinical study investigated the cardioprotective potential of a lyophilized hydroalcoholic extract of Moringa oleifera in a rat model of isoproterenol (ISP)-induced myocardial infarction. Wistar rats were divided into three groups and pretreated with either saline, ISP (85 mg/kg s.c. for two days), or ISP combined with M. oleifera extract (200 mg/kg orally) for 30 days. Key hemodynamic parameters were measured, followed by biochemical, histological, and ultrastructural evaluations of cardiac tissue. Chronic M. oleifera treatment significantly improved ISP-induced abnormalities in heart rate, left ventricular pressures, and contractility indices. It also restored antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase), reduced lipid peroxidation, and preserved myocardial tissue integrity. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) levels were also favorably modulated. Histological analysis showed that M. oleifera prevented the structural damage typically seen in myocardial infarction, suggesting a multifaceted cardioprotective effect via antioxidant and membrane-stabilizing mechanisms.
Claims (Based on Preclinical Outcomes)

  1. Supports Cardiovascular Health
    – Moringa oleifera extract improved heart function parameters and preserved left ventricular integrity in an animal model of myocardial injury.

  2. Provides Antioxidant Protection for Heart Tissue
    – Supplementation enhanced key cardiac antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase, GPx) and reduced lipid peroxidation.

  3. Helps Maintain Healthy Cardiac Enzyme Levels
    – LDH and CK-MB, markers of cardiac stress and injury, were significantly improved in treated animals.

  4. Preserves Myocardial Structure Under Stress
    – Histopathological and ultrastructural analysis showed preserved heart tissue architecture in Moringa-treated rats.

  5. May Help Buffer the Effects of Oxidative and Peroxidative Stress
    – The extract counteracted the oxidative damage induced by isoproterenol, indicating potential for supporting cardiovascular resilience.

Nandave M, Ojha SK, Joshi S, Kumari S, Arya DS. Moringa oleifera leaf extract prevents isoproterenol-induced myocardial damage in rats: evidence for an antioxidant, antiperoxidative, and cardioprotective intervention. J Med Food. 2009;12(1):47-55. doi:10.1089/jmf.2007.0563 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19298195/

Study Summary

This preclinical study investigated the neuroprotective effects of Moringa oleifera (MO) methanolic leaf extract in APP/PS1 transgenic mice, a well-established model for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Over a 4-month treatment period, mice received MO extract and were assessed via behavioral, biochemical, and histological tests. MO administration led to significant improvements in cognitive performance, learning, memory, and anxiety-like behaviors. Mechanistically, MO reduced cerebral Aβ burden to wild-type levels by downregulating amyloidogenic enzymes (BACE1, AEP) and upregulating amyloid-degrading proteins (IDE, NEP, LRP1). In addition, MO enhanced synaptic plasticity by increasing levels of phosphorylated GluN2B, synaptic proteins (PSD95, synapsin1), and improving dendritic spine morphology and density. MO-treated mice also exhibited reduced neurodegeneration, suggesting a multifaceted neuroprotective mechanism. These findings support Moringa oleifera as a potential nutraceutical for mitigating AD pathology and improving cognitive health.

Claims (Based on Preclinical Outcomes)

  1. Supports Cognitive Function and Memory
    – MO treatment improved memory, learning, and reduced behavioral deficits in a transgenic Alzheimer’s model.

  2. Promotes Brain Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity
    – Known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of MO likely contributed to reduced neurodegeneration and synaptic decline.

  3. Helps Maintain Synaptic Integrity and Plasticity
    – MO restored synaptic protein expression (PSD95, synapsin1) and improved dendritic spine quality and phosphorylation of GluN2B.

  4. Aids in Amyloid Clearance Pathways
    – MO reduced Aβ plaque load by downregulating BACE1 and AEP while increasing levels of IDE, NEP, and LRP1.

  5. May Help Alleviate Neurodegenerative Stress
    – Reduced neurodegeneration and normalized AD-related markers suggest MO may support brain resilience under pathological stress.

Mahaman YAR, Feng J, Huang F, et al. Moringa Oleifera Alleviates Aβ Burden and Improves Synaptic Plasticity and Cognitive Impairments in APP/PS1 Mice. Nutrients. 2022;14(20):4284. Published 2022 Oct 14. doi:10.3390/nu14204284 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36296969/

Study Summary

This preclinical study evaluated the effects of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf extract on homocysteine (Hcy)-induced Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-like pathology in a rat model of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), a known risk factor for AD. MO was administered either as a preventive (during Hcy exposure) or curative (following Hcy exposure) treatment. The results demonstrated that MO significantly attenuated cognitive impairments and oxidative stress induced by HHcy. MO treatment reversed reductions in key synaptic proteins (PSD93, PSD95, Synapsin 1, Synaptophysin), decreased neurodegeneration, and inhibited tau hyperphosphorylation at several phosphorylation sites (S199, T231, S396, S404). Moreover, MO reduced Aβ production by downregulating BACE1 and attenuated calpain activity, a mediator of tau pathology. These findings suggest that MO can protect against both tau- and amyloid-related neurotoxicity and may serve as a multipotent neuroprotective agent in tauopathies and AD.

Claims (Based on Preclinical Outcomes)

  1. Supports Cognitive Function and Memory
    – MO extract reversed cognitive impairments caused by homocysteine-induced brain damage in rats.

  2. Helps Maintain Synaptic Integrity
    – MO treatment restored the expression of critical synaptic proteins, including PSD93, PSD95, Synapsin 1, and Synaptophysin.

  3. Aids in Managing Tau Protein Phosphorylation
    – MO reduced tau hyperphosphorylation at multiple sites linked to neurofibrillary tangle formation in Alzheimer’s disease.

  4. Supports Healthy Amyloid Processing
    – Downregulation of BACE1 with MO treatment led to reduced production of amyloid-beta (Aβ) in the brain.

  5. Promotes Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Activity
    – MO alleviated oxidative stress and prevented neurodegeneration in hyperhomocysteinemia-exposed brain tissue.

  6. May Help Inhibit Calpain-Linked Neurotoxicity
    – Calpain activity, associated with tau pathology, was significantly reduced by MO, indicating a neuroprotective mechanism.

Mahaman YAR, Huang F, Wu M, et al. Moringa Oleifera Alleviates Homocysteine-Induced Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathology and Cognitive Impairments. J Alzheimers Dis. 2018;63(3):1141-1159. doi:10.3233/JAD-180091 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29710724/

Study Summary

This experimental study assessed the neuroprotective effects of a Moringa oleifera-supplemented diet (MO-SD) in a scopolamine-induced mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like memory deficits. Mice were pretreated with scopolamine (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) to induce spatial memory impairment and subsequently administered MO-SD orally at concentrations of 1%, 5%, or 10% for 7 and 14 days. Cognitive performance was evaluated using the Morris Water Maze, while biochemical and histological markers were assessed post-intervention. MO-SD significantly reduced escape latency and improved target quadrant navigation time, indicating reversal of spatial memory deficits. Additionally, MO-SD attenuated oxidative and inflammatory stress by lowering malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrite, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), while enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. It also restored cholinergic function by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and prevented neuronal chromatolysis in the cortex and hippocampus. These findings suggest that Moringa oleifera may support cognitive function by preserving neuronal integrity and regulating oxidative, inflammatory, and cholinergic pathways.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Cognitive Performance and Memory Function
    – Supplementation with Moringa oleifera improved spatial memory and reduced memory loss in a scopolamine-induced mouse model.

  2. Promotes Healthy Cholinergic Activity
    – MO-SD reduced acetylcholinesterase activity, supporting enhanced cholinergic neurotransmission linked to learning and memory.

  3. Helps Combat Oxidative Stress
    – MDA and nitrite levels were lowered, while SOD activity increased, indicating a robust antioxidant effect.

  4. Supports a Healthy Inflammatory Response in the Brain
    – TNF-α levels decreased significantly, reflecting anti-inflammatory benefits in brain tissue.

  5. Maintains Neuronal Structure and Integrity
    – Histological analysis showed protection against scopolamine-induced damage in cortico-hippocampal neurons.

  6. May Assist in Neuroprotection for Aging-Related Cognitive Decline
    – These findings suggest MO-SD may play a role in the prevention or management of Alzheimer’s-related neuronal degeneration.

Onasanwo SA, Adamaigbo VO, Adebayo OG, Eleazer SE. Moringa oleifera-supplemented diet protect against cortico-hippocampal neuronal degeneration in scopolamine-induced spatial memory deficit in mice: role of oxido-inflammatory and cholinergic neurotransmission pathway. Metab Brain Dis. 2021;36(8):2445-2460. doi:10.1007/s11011-021-00855-9 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34669098/

Study Summary

This preclinical study explored the neuroprotective potential of 70% ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera seeds (MSE) in both acute and delayed stages of ischemic stroke using a rodent model. MSE was administered at various doses, with 500 mg/kg identified as the most effective, particularly when given within 4 hours post-reperfusion. MSE treatment led to improved survival rates, reduced spatial memory deficits, and enhanced hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. The extract also supported recovery of the cholinergic neurotransmission system during the post-stroke period. These findings indicate that MSE not only confers neuroprotection during the acute injury phase but also aids long-term functional recovery, possibly through mechanisms involving enhanced neuroplasticity and cholinergic signaling. This dual-phase efficacy supports the consideration of Moringa oleifera seed extract as a candidate therapeutic for managing ischemic stroke.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Brain Health and Recovery After Stroke
    – MSE improved spatial cognition and reduced damage in animal models of ischemic stroke.

  2. Promotes Neuroplasticity and Neural Regeneration
    – MSE enhanced hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic remodeling during post-stroke recovery.

  3. Supports Cholinergic Neurotransmission
    – Restoration of cholinergic function was observed, supporting memory and learning processes.

  4. Offers Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Benefits
    – MSE provided protective effects during both acute injury and delayed recovery stages of ischemic events.

  5. May Enhance Survival and Functional Recovery Following Stroke
    – Animal survival rates improved when MSE was administered within a 4-hour therapeutic window post-reperfusion.

Zeng K, Li Y, Yang W, et al. Moringa oleifera seed extract protects against brain damage in both the acute and delayed stages of ischemic stroke. Exp Gerontol. 2019;122:99-108. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2019.04.014 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31039389/

Study Summary

This experimental study assessed the neuroprotective potential of Moringa oleifera ethanol leaf extract (EEMO) in rat offspring born to mothers experiencing protein deficiency (PD) during pregnancy and lactation. PD in the maternal diet resulted in offspring with low birth weight, poor growth, anemia, and cognitive deficits. After weaning, EEMO was administered orally for 5 weeks. Treated pups showed significant cognitive improvement, particularly in hippocampus-related memory functions, and a lower ratio of abnormal to normal cells in key hippocampal regions (CA1–CA4), compared to untreated PD offspring. These findings suggest that EEMO may reverse or mitigate neurodevelopmental damage caused by early-life malnutrition, particularly through preservation of hippocampal integrity and enhancement of cognitive outcomes. The study proposes that Moringa oleifera may serve as an affordable dietary neuroprotective supplement in malnourished populations.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Cognitive Function
    – Supplementation with Moringa oleifera improved learning and memory outcomes in offspring affected by maternal protein deficiency.

  2. Promotes Healthy Brain Development
    – Moringa extract reduced structural abnormalities in hippocampal cells (CA1–CA4), indicating support for neural development.

  3. Helps Address Nutritional Deficits
    – EEMO supplementation was associated with improvements in growth indicators and correction of anemia in protein-deficient offspring.

  4. Provides Neuroprotective Benefits
    – The extract helped preserve hippocampal tissue integrity and function following developmental malnutrition.

  5. Aids in Recovery from Early-Life Malnutrition
    – Demonstrated improvements in weight, BMI, albumin levels, and neurological health in malnourished pups suggest broader systemic benefits.

Kambuno NT, Putra AGA, Louisa M, et al. Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract Improves Cognitive Function in Rat Offspring Born to Protein-Deficient Mothers. Biomedicines. 2025;13(2):346. Published 2025 Feb 3. doi:10.3390/biomedicines13020346 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40002759/

Study Summary

This preclinical study explored the cognitive and neuroprotective effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract in a rat model of age-related dementia induced by intracerebroventricular AF64A, a cholinotoxin. Male Wistar rats received oral doses of Moringa oleifera extract (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg) for 7 days prior to and following the AF64A administration. Cognitive performance was assessed via spatial memory tasks, and hippocampal tissue was examined for neuronal density, oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Treatment with Moringa oleifera significantly improved spatial memory and preserved neuronal density in hippocampal regions CA1–CA3 and dentate gyrus. It also reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and AChE activity, while enhancing the antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT. These findings suggest that Moringa oleifera exerts memory-enhancing and neuroprotective effects, potentially by reducing oxidative stress and improving cholinergic neurotransmission.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Cognitive Function and Memory
    – Moringa oleifera improved spatial memory performance in animals with induced dementia.

  2. Promotes Brain Antioxidant Activity
    – The extract increased hippocampal levels of SOD and CAT, key antioxidant enzymes.

  3. Protects Neuronal Integrity
    – Rats treated with Moringa oleifera exhibited higher neuron density in hippocampal regions CA1–CA3 and dentate gyrus.

  4. Helps Maintain Healthy Cholinergic Function
    – Decreased AChE activity suggests improved cholinergic neurotransmission linked to better memory outcomes.

  5. Combats Oxidative Stress in the Brain
    – Reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels indicate attenuation of lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage in brain tissue.

Sutalangka C, Wattanathorn J, Muchimapura S, Thukham-mee W. Moringa oleifera mitigates memory impairment and neurodegeneration in animal model of age-related dementia. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2013;2013:695936. doi:10.1155/2013/695936 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24454988/

Study Summary

This in vivo and in vitro study assessed the antioxidant properties of Moringa oleifera leaf aqueous extract (MOLE) and its protective effects against abamectin (ABM)-induced oxidative stress in rat brain and erythrocytes. Phytochemical analysis of MOLE revealed high levels of polyphenols, flavonoids, and other bioactive compounds such as quercetin, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, and resveratrol. Antioxidant assays showed that MOLE demonstrated potent radical scavenging (DPPH IC₅₀ = 0.125 mg/mL; ABTS IC₅₀ = 0.06 mg/mL), strong ferric reducing capacity (EC₅₀ = 1.4 mg/mL), and effective β-carotene bleaching inhibition (IC₅₀ = 1.36 mg/mL). In the in vivo component, rats exposed to ABM experienced decreased activities of cerebral superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and erythrocyte catalase (CAT), alongside reduced glutathione (GSH) and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, indicating oxidative stress. Supplementation with MOLE significantly reversed these changes, restoring antioxidant enzyme activity, increasing GSH, reducing lipid peroxidation, and ameliorating histopathological brain damage. Computational docking supported the interaction of MOLE constituents with antioxidant enzymes such as CAT and glutathione peroxidase. These findings suggest that MOLE protects against pesticide-induced neurotoxicity and oxidative damage, likely via its antioxidant phytochemical profile.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Helps Combat Oxidative Stress
    – MOLE significantly restored antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, GST, CAT) and improved GSH levels in brain and erythrocytes exposed to oxidative damage.

  2. Supports Brain Antioxidant Defense
    – Reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and improved acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity indicate MOLE’s protective role in maintaining oxidative balance and neuronal function.

  3. Maintains Cellular Redox Balance
    – MOLE supplementation mitigated oxidative alterations caused by abamectin, preserving GSH status and reducing lipid peroxidation.

  4. Protects Brain Tissue from Oxidative Damage
    – Histological recovery of vacuolization in neuropil and antioxidant enzyme normalization suggest MOLE protects brain morphology under toxic insult.

  5. Provides Antioxidant-Rich Nutritional Support
    – MOLE was shown to contain potent antioxidants such as quercetin, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, and resveratrol, which may contribute to its protective effects.

Boudjema K, Chouala K, Khelef Y, et al. Antioxidant Effects of Moringa oleifera Against Abamectin-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Brain and Erythrocytes of Rats. Chem Biodivers. Published online December 26, 2024. doi:10.1002/cbdv.202402709 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39724495/

Study Summary

This experimental study evaluated the neuroprotective effect of Moringa oleifera ethanolic extract (400 mg/kg body weight, orally) against cobalt chloride (CoCl₂)-induced hypoxia in the rat brain. Hypoxia was modeled using oral administration of CoCl₂ (40 mg/kg/day), leading to oxidative stress, altered neurotransmitter levels, inflammation, and brain tissue damage. Rats were divided into five groups: control, Moringa-only, CoCl₂-only, prophylactic (Moringa before CoCl₂), and co-treatment (Moringa with CoCl₂). CoCl₂ exposure significantly decreased GABA and monoamine neurotransmitters in brain tissue, while elevating oxidative stress markers and mRNA expression of hypoxia-associated genes (HIF-1α, EPO, CYTO, NF-κB, and MAO-A). Histological examination revealed marked encephalopathy, including pyknotic neurons, vacuolations, and congestion. Immunohistochemical analysis showed increased glial activation (GFAP), apoptosis (caspase-3), and microglial marker CD68, alongside decreased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Moringa extract, especially when administered prophylactically or concurrently with CoCl₂, mitigated these pathological changes, normalized neurotransmitter levels, reduced expression of hypoxia and inflammation-related genes, and improved neuronal morphology and survival. These findings indicate that Moringa oleifera has protective effects against hypoxia-induced brain injury, likely via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Brain Resilience Against Hypoxic Stress
    – Moringa extract attenuated CoCl₂-induced hypoxia-related damage by downregulating HIF-1α and EPO gene expression.

  2. Helps Maintain Neurotransmitter Balance
    – Moringa restored GABA and monoamine levels suppressed by hypoxia in brain tissue.

  3. Promotes Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in the Brain
    – Reduced expression of NF-κB and MAO-A, alongside improved antioxidant parameters, indicates anti-inflammatory and oxidative stress-modulating effects.

  4. Protects Neuronal Structure and Function
    – Histological improvements included reduced neuronal pyknosis, congestion, and glial activation following Moringa supplementation.

  5. Supports Cellular Defense Mechanisms in the Brain
    – Moringa increased Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic) expression and reduced caspase-3 and CD68 markers, suggesting protection against programmed cell death and neuroinflammation.

Abdel-Rahman Mohamed A, M M Metwally M, Khalil SR, Salem GA, Ali HA. Moringa oleifera extract attenuates the CoCl2 induced hypoxia of rat's brain: Expression pattern of HIF-1α, NF-kB, MAO and EPO. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019;109:1688-1697. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.019 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30551423/

Study Summary

This experimental study assessed the neuroprotective effects of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf extract on aluminium chloride (AlCl₃)-induced temporal cortical damage in Wistar rats. Animals were divided into four groups: control, aluminium-only (100 mg/kg AlCl₃), MO-only (300 mg/kg), and AlCl₃ plus MO. After 28 days of treatment, histological, immunohistochemical, and serum aluminium level analyses were conducted. Rats treated with AlCl₃ showed neurodegenerative changes in the temporal cortex, including atrophied neurons, karyorrhexis, and loss of Nissl substance. They also exhibited elevated expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), markers of neuronal injury and astrocyte activation, respectively. In contrast, rats receiving MO extract alone had preserved cortical structure and Nissl substance. Notably, co-administration of MO with AlCl₃ mitigated the structural degeneration and normalized NSE and GFAP expression levels. These findings suggest that MO exerts protective effects against aluminium-induced oxidative neurotoxicity, potentially through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Protects Brain Cells from Oxidative Damage
    – MO prevented cortical cell degeneration and maintained healthy neuronal architecture in the presence of aluminium toxicity.

  2. Supports Neuronal Structural Integrity
    – Co-treatment with MO preserved Nissl substance and reduced signs of cortical atrophy and nuclear fragmentation.

  3. Helps Regulate Neuronal Stress Markers
    – MO extract reduced aluminium-induced overexpression of NSE and GFAP, indicating reduced neuronal injury and glial activation.

  4. Promotes Brain Antioxidant Defense
    – While not measured directly in this study, the protective effects are consistent with antioxidant pathways implicated in MO's neuroprotective action.

  5. May Help Mitigate Neurotoxic Effects of Environmental Metals
    – MO extract limited brain damage induced by aluminium exposure, a common environmental neurotoxin.

Ekong MB, Ekpo MM, Akpanyung EO, Nwaokonko DU. Neuroprotective effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on aluminium-induced temporal cortical degeneration. Metab Brain Dis. 2017;32(5):1437-1447. doi:10.1007/s11011-017-0011-7 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28397152/

Study Summary

This preclinical study investigated the neuropsychological benefits of water-soluble Moringa oleifera seed lectin (WSMoL) in a mouse model of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS), which induces anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. Mice were exposed to four weeks of UCMS, followed by 21 days of daily intraperitoneal injections of either vehicle (control), WSMoL at 2 or 4 mg/kg, or fluoxetine (10 mg/kg). Behavioral assessments using the open field test, elevated plus maze, tail suspension test, and sucrose preference test revealed that WSMoL significantly reduced anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. Although WSMoL did not normalize elevated corticosterone levels associated with chronic stress, it significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α) in both serum and brain tissues. Moreover, WSMoL increased levels of brain monoamines—dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline—suggesting a restoration of neurotransmitter balance. These findings suggest that WSMoL alleviates stress-induced behavioral disorders through anti-inflammatory activity and neuromodulatory effects.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Promotes Emotional Well-Being and Stress Resilience
    – WSMoL treatment reduced anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in a validated animal model of chronic stress.

  2. Supports a Healthy Inflammatory Response in the Brain
    – WSMoL significantly lowered levels of key inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α) in serum and brain tissue.

  3. Helps Maintain Balanced Neurotransmitter Levels
    – WSMoL increased brain concentrations of dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline, neurotransmitters involved in mood regulation.

  4. May Assist in Managing Occasional Anxiety and Low Mood
    – Behavioral tests showed that WSMoL was comparable to fluoxetine in reversing UCMS-induced symptoms.

  5. Plant-Derived Neuroprotective Support
    – The study highlights WSMoL’s potential as a natural, phytochemical-based strategy for mitigating stress-induced emotional and biochemical imbalances.

de Siqueira Patriota LL, de Lima BRF, de Oliveira Marinho A, et al. Moringa oleifera Lam. seed lectin (WSMoL) reduces chronic stress-induced anxiety and depression in mice by lessening inflammation and balancing brain chemicals. Behav Brain Res. 2025;477:115318. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115318 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39481762/

Study Summary

This 12-week preclinical study evaluated the neuroprotective and memory-enhancing effects of long-term consumption of Moringa oleifera-supplemented diet (MOSD) in male Wistar rats. The rats were assigned to groups receiving 1%, 5%, 10%, or 20% Moringa oleifera leaf powder incorporated into their diets. Neurocognitive function was assessed using the Morris Water Maze (MWM) for spatial memory and Object Recognition Test (ORT) for non-spatial memory. Biochemical assays of brain tissue revealed that MOSD significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, increased glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) activity, and inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Histological analysis of the hippocampus showed preserved neuronal integrity and reduced neurodegeneration, particularly at higher dietary concentrations. These findings suggest that chronic dietary intake of Moringa oleifera enhances cognitive function while offering antioxidant and neuroprotective benefits in a dose-dependent manner.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Long-Term Cognitive Health
    – Rats on Moringa-supplemented diets performed significantly better on spatial and non-spatial memory tests.

  2. Protects Brain Cells from Oxidative Stress
    – Marked reduction in lipid peroxidation (MDA) and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity (GSH, CAT) suggest robust antioxidant defense.

  3. Helps Preserve Neuronal Structure and Function
    – Histological analysis showed reduced neuronal degeneration and preserved hippocampal architecture with Moringa supplementation.

  4. Promotes Healthy Acetylcholine Metabolism
    – Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition indicates potential for maintaining neurotransmitter balance linked to memory and cognition.

  5. Supports Brain Antioxidant Enzyme Activity
    – Boosted catalase and glutathione levels reflect enhancement of endogenous antioxidant systems.

  6. Demonstrates Dose-Dependent Neuroprotective Benefits
    – Higher doses of MOSD showed greater cognitive enhancement and neuroprotection, indicating a dose-response relationship.

Adebayo OG, Wopara I, Aduema W, Ebo OT, Umoren EB. Long-term consumption of Moringa oleifera-supplemented diet enhanced neurocognition, suppressed oxidative stress, acetylcholinesterase activity and neuronal degeneration in rat's hippocampus. Drug Metab Pers Ther. Published online March 26, 2021. doi:10.1515/dmdi-2020-0189 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33770830/

Study Summary

This experimental study explored the neuroprotective potential of Moringa oleifera leaf extract in a rat model of focal ischemic stroke induced by right middle cerebral artery occlusion (Rt.MCAO). Male Wistar rats received oral doses of Moringa oleifera extract (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg) daily for two weeks prior to stroke induction and for three weeks afterward. Neurological functions, thermal sensitivity, and oxidative stress markers were assessed. At 24 hours post-stroke, the rats were evaluated for infarct volume, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and antioxidant enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). The extract significantly reduced infarct volumes in the cortex, subcortex, striatum, and hippocampus. Neuroprotection was largely attributed to antioxidant mechanisms, especially at lower and medium doses, which lowered oxidative stress and improved endogenous antioxidant activity. The high dose also showed benefits, though additional protective mechanisms beyond oxidative stress reduction may be involved, particularly in the cortex. These findings support the potential of Moringa oleifera as a cerebroprotective agent against ischemic injury.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Brain Health and Function – Supplementation with Moringa oleifera significantly reduced brain tissue damage following induced ischemic stroke.

  2. Provides Antioxidant Protection for Neural Tissue – The extract decreased oxidative stress markers like malondialdehyde and increased levels of key antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px).

  3. Helps Maintain Neuronal Integrity During Oxidative Stress – Moringa oleifera helped preserve neural function in regions such as the cortex, hippocampus, and striatum following stroke induction.

  4. May Help Preserve Cognitive and Motor Function Post-Stroke – Improvements in neurological scoring and temperature sensation were observed over the treatment period, suggesting benefits for stroke recovery.

  5. Plant-Based Support for Cerebrovascular Health – Results suggest Moringa oleifera leaf extract may be a natural adjunct for protecting against ischemic stroke-induced damage via antioxidant mechanisms.

Kirisattayakul W, Wattanathorn J, Tong-Un T, Muchimapura S, Wannanon P, Jittiwat J. Cerebroprotective effect of Moringa oleifera against focal ischemic stroke induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2013;2013:951415. doi:10.1155/2013/951415 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24367723/

Study Summary
This experimental study investigated the antibacterial activity of Moringa oleifera leaf ethanolic extract (EMLE) against two common foodborne bacterial pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Conducted at Mymensingh Medical College in Bangladesh between July 2019 and June 2020, the study utilized both disc diffusion and broth dilution techniques to assess the antimicrobial properties of EMLE at concentrations ranging from 100 to 1000 μg/mL. Results demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on both bacterial strains. The largest zones of inhibition were 19 mm for S. aureus and 20 mm for E. coli at the highest concentration tested (1000 μg/mL). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were identified as 400 μg/mL for S. aureus and 500 μg/mL for E. coli. These findings suggest that EMLE exhibits promising antibacterial effects and could serve as a natural source of antimicrobial agents.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Exhibits Dose-Dependent Antibacterial Activity – EMLE effectively inhibited Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro, with inhibition zones increasing at higher concentrations.

  2. Provides Measurable Antimicrobial Effects – Maximum zones of inhibition reached 19 mm for S. aureus and 20 mm for E. coli at 1000 μg/mL concentration.

  3. Supports Natural Antibacterial Defense – The extract demonstrated minimum inhibitory concentrations of 400 μg/mL (S. aureus) and 500 μg/mL (E. coli), indicating potential for therapeutic development.

  4. May Serve as a Plant-Based Alternative to Synthetic Antibiotics – EMLE’s antibacterial activity highlights its potential for addressing bacterial resistance concerns with natural interventions.

  5. Promotes Foodborne Pathogen Control – EMLE shows promise as a preventive or adjunct treatment against foodborne bacterial infections.

Jahan S, Shahjahan M, Rasna SS, et al. Antibacterial Effect of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) Leaf Ethanolic Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Mymensingh Med J. 2022;31(4):976-982. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36189541/

Study Summary
This experimental study assessed the antibacterial efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts against pyogenic bacteria isolated from abscesses in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius). Conducted using disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) techniques, the study targeted a variety of bacterial isolates including Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and others. Among the isolates, C. pseudotuberculosis was most prevalent (30.4%), followed by S. aureus (25.8%). The results demonstrated that ethanol extracts of Moringa oleifera had superior antibacterial effects compared to cold aqueous extracts, effectively inhibiting the growth of several bacterial strains. The findings support the potential application of Moringa oleifera as a plant-based antibacterial agent in veterinary medicine, particularly for controlling bacterial infections in livestock such as camels.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Demonstrates Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Activity – Ethanol extracts of Moringa oleifera effectively inhibited multiple pyogenic bacteria isolated from camel abscesses, including Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli.

  2. Superior Efficacy of Ethanol Extracts – Ethanol-based Moringa extracts showed stronger antibacterial effects than cold aqueous preparations.

  3. Supports Veterinary Antibacterial Applications – Moringa oleifera may serve as a natural antimicrobial intervention for managing abscess-related infections in dromedary camels.

  4. Potential Alternative to Antibiotics – Given the rising concern of antibiotic resistance, Moringa extracts could provide a sustainable, plant-derived treatment strategy.

  5. Promotes Livestock Health and Productivity – By combating bacterial abscesses, Moringa use may help reduce livestock losses and improve reproductive and production efficiency.

Fouad EA, Abu Elnaga ASM, Kandil MM. Antibacterial efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaf extract against pyogenic bacteria isolated from a dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) abscess. Vet World. 2019;12(6):802-808. doi:10.14202/vetworld.2019.802-808 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31439997/

Study Summary

This preclinical study evaluated the metabolic benefits of fermented Moringa oleifera extract (FM) in a mouse model of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. C57BL/6 mice were fed either a normal chow diet (ND) or HFD and treated with distilled water (DW), non-fermented Moringa extract (NFM), or FM for 10 weeks. While body weight remained similar across HFD groups, mice receiving FM exhibited significantly reduced liver weight, improved glucose tolerance, and lower hepatic fat accumulation. FM also modulated gene expression related to lipid metabolism, and reduced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress, and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. These results suggest that fermentation enhances the efficacy of Moringa oleifera, particularly in managing glucose intolerance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Healthy Blood Sugar Regulation – Fermented Moringa oleifera improved glucose tolerance in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.

  2. Promotes Liver Health – FM reduced hepatic lipid accumulation and liver weight, indicating protection against fatty liver disease.

  3. Helps Manage Obesity-Related Inflammation – Pro-inflammatory cytokine expression was significantly reduced in multiple tissues.

  4. Reduces Oxidative and ER Stress – FM lowered markers of oxidative stress and ER stress in liver and muscle tissues.

  5. Enhances Lipid Metabolism – Upregulation of genes related to lipid processing in the liver suggests improved metabolic function.

  6. Fermentation Enhances Nutritional Impact – Compared to non-fermented Moringa, FM exerted superior effects on glucose and lipid regulation.

Joung H, Kim B, Park H, et al. Fermented Moringa oleifera Decreases Hepatic Adiposity and Ameliorates Glucose Intolerance in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. J Med Food. 2017;20(5):439-447. doi:10.1089/jmf.2016.3860 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28504910/

Study Summary

This preclinical study investigated the effects of aqueous Moringa oleifera leaf extract on gut microbiota composition and systemic inflammation in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mouse model. Swiss albino mice were fed either a control diet, HFD, or HFD supplemented with Moringa oleifera for a set period. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to analyze gut microbial populations (specifically Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria) from caecal samples. Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and lipid profiles were also measured. HFD-fed mice exhibited reduced Bifidobacteria, increased Lactobacilli, weight gain, and elevated IL-6. Supplementation with Moringa oleifera restored the balance of beneficial gut microbes and reduced systemic inflammation and body weight, indicating that Moringa oleifera may help mitigate obesity-related gut dysbiosis and inflammation.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Healthy Gut Microbiota Balance – Moringa oleifera restored intestinal Bifidobacteria and normalized Lactobacilli levels disrupted by a high-fat diet.

  2. Helps Reduce Inflammation Associated with Obesity – Treatment significantly decreased circulating IL-6, a key pro-inflammatory marker.

  3. Promotes Healthy Weight Management – Moringa oleifera reduced weight gain in HFD-fed mice.

  4. Modulates Gut-Immune Axis – The extract’s effect on gut flora correlated with reductions in systemic inflammatory responses.

  5. May Aid in Obesity Prevention Through Microbiota Regulation – Findings support the role of Moringa oleifera as a natural modulator of gut microbiome composition linked to obesity.

Elabd EMY, Morsy SM, Elmalt HA. Investigating of Moringa Oleifera Role on Gut Microbiota Composition and Inflammation Associated with Obesity Following High Fat Diet Feeding. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2018;6(8):1359-1364. Published 2018 Aug 19. doi:10.3889/oamjms.2018.313 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30159057/

Study Summary

This in vivo experimental study evaluated the protective effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) against methotrexate (MTX)-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the spleen of mice. Mice were divided into four groups: control, MOLE alone, MTX alone, and MOLE plus MTX. MOLE was administered orally for a week before MTX injection and continued for 12 days. MTX alone significantly disrupted spleen oxidative status, decreased total protein and antioxidant enzyme levels (SOD, catalase), and altered serum antioxidant levels. It also dysregulated the expression of inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10), apoptotic (↑Bax, ↑caspase-3), and antiapoptotic genes (↓XIAP, ↓Bcl-xl). Pretreatment with MOLE restored antioxidant enzyme activity, normalized gene expression related to inflammation and apoptosis, and mitigated oxidative damage.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Helps Protect Against Drug-Induced Oxidative Stress – Moringa oleifera restored SOD and catalase activity and reduced MDA levels in the spleen.

  2. Supports Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms – MOLE improved systemic antioxidant status and preserved spleen protein content disrupted by MTX.

  3. Helps Maintain Healthy Immune Function – The extract modulated inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10), indicating immune regulatory effects.

  4. Provides Antiapoptotic and Cellular Protective Effects – MOLE downregulated pro-apoptotic genes (Bax, caspase-3) and upregulated protective genes (XIAP, Bcl-xl).

  5. May Serve as a Natural Adjuvant in Chemotherapy-Induced Organ Toxicity – Findings support the role of MOLE in reducing MTX-induced spleen injury via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic pathways.

Soliman MM, Al-Osaimi SH, HassanMohamed E, et al. Protective Impacts of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract against Methotrexate-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis on Mouse Spleen. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020;2020:6738474. Published 2020 May 29. doi:10.1155/2020/6738474 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32565869/

Study Summary

This murine experimental study compared the efficacy of Moringa oleifera (MO) tea infusion versus its ethanolic extract in treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). BALB/c mice were first fed HFD for six months to induce NAFLD, then treated with either MO infusion or ethanolic extract for two additional months. Phytochemical analysis revealed that both preparations contained pyrrole alkaloids and triterpenes. Both treatments significantly reduced serum levels of SGPT, SGOT, lipids, urea, and glucose compared to the placebo group. Histological analysis showed reduced liver steatosis and inflammation in both groups, with MO infusion showing greater improvements in most parameters except blood glucose, where the ethanolic extract was more effective. Notably, MO infusion also improved motor activity and reduced anxiety-like behavior, suggesting additional neurobehavioral benefits.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Liver Health and Reduces Fat Accumulation – MO infusion and extract significantly reduced liver steatosis and inflammation in HFD-fed mice.

  2. Promotes Healthy Lipid and Glucose Metabolism – Both forms lowered serum lipids and glucose, with the extract showing stronger glycemic control.

  3. Helps Alleviate NAFLD-Associated Inflammation – Reduction in SGPT and SGOT levels indicated improved liver enzyme profiles.

  4. Enhances Overall Metabolic Wellness – Improvements were observed in serum urea, lipid, and glucose markers.

  5. May Reduce Anxiety and Enhance Motor Function – MO infusion uniquely improved physical activity and reduced anxiety-like behaviors.

Cortes-Alvarez SI, Delgado-Enciso I, Rodriguez-Hernandez A, et al. Efficacy of Hot Tea Infusion vs. Ethanolic Extract of Moringa oleifera for the Simultaneous Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver, Hyperlipidemia, and Hyperglycemia in a Murine Model Fed with a High-Fat Diet. J Nutr Metab. 2024;2024:2209581. Published 2024 Feb 12. doi:10.1155/2024/2209581 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38375319/

Study Summary

This preclinical study evaluated the therapeutic potential of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf extract in reversing metabolic syndrome in Sprague Dawley rats fed a high-fat diet with 20% fructose (HFD-20%F) for 60 days. Among 36 rats, 6 received a normal matched diet (NMD), while the rest were fed HFD-20%F to induce metabolic syndrome features. After this induction period, Moringa oleifera leaf extract was administered orally for 30 days. Key metabolic markers were measured, including body weight, BMI, blood pressure, blood glucose, insulin, lipid profile, insulin resistance, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), visceral fat, and liver weight. The HFD-20%F group showed significant increases in LDL, insulin resistance, visceral adiposity, and liver weight, compared to controls. Treatment with Moringa oleifera significantly reversed these parameters, indicating strong efficacy in mitigating features of metabolic syndrome.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Healthy Blood Sugar and Insulin Sensitivity – Moringa oleifera reduced blood glucose, insulin levels, and insulin resistance in diet-induced metabolic syndrome.

  2. Promotes Healthy Lipid Profile – Treatment significantly lowered LDL cholesterol levels elevated by the high-fat, high-fructose diet.

  3. Helps Reduce Visceral Fat and Liver Weight – Moringa oleifera reduced diet-induced visceral adiposity and hepatic enlargement.

  4. Supports Cardiometabolic Wellness – Improvements in blood pressure, BMI, and MCP-1 levels suggest broad cardiovascular and metabolic benefits.

  5. Herbal Support for Metabolic Syndrome – The extract reversed multiple hallmarks of metabolic syndrome, highlighting its potential as a natural therapeutic agent.

Irfan HM, Khan NAK, Asmawi MZ. Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf extracts reverse metabolic syndrome in Sprague Dawley rats fed high-fructose high fat diet for 60-days. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2022;128(5):1202-1208. doi:10.1080/13813455.2020.1762661 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32412306/

Study Summary

This preclinical study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of Moringa oleifera leaf aqueous extract against liver toxicity induced by bisphenol A (BPA) in adult male rats. Forty-four rats were divided into eleven groups, receiving either BPA (5 or 10 mg/kg) orally or BPA combined with varying doses of M. oleifera extract (100–400 mg/kg) for 28 days. BPA exposure led to significant elevations in liver enzyme levels—AST, ALT, and ALP—and histopathological liver damage, including bile duct sclerosis, fibrocyte infiltration, and lymphocytic inflammation. Treatment with M. oleifera extract restored liver enzyme levels and tissue morphology toward normal, with no statistically significant differences compared to control animals at effective doses. These results suggest that Moringa oleifera can mitigate BPA-induced hepatotoxicity.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Liver Enzyme Balance – Moringa oleifera restored AST, ALT, and ALP levels elevated by BPA-induced liver injury.

  2. Promotes Liver Tissue Recovery – Histological examination showed near-complete recovery of liver architecture and reduction of inflammatory infiltration after Moringa treatment.

  3. Protects Against Environmental Toxin-Induced Liver Damage – The extract prevented or reversed hepatic injury caused by the synthetic compound bisphenol A.

  4. Plant-Based Hepatoprotective Support – The aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera may serve as a natural therapeutic agent for toxin-induced liver disorders.

Ibrahim Salih A, Mohammed Saleh H, Sulaiman Khalaf A, Sabbar Ayed H. Effect of Moringa oleifera Leaves against Hepatotoxicity Induced by Bisphenol A. Arch Razi Inst. 2022;77(3):1083-1089. Published 2022 Jun 30. doi:10.22092/ARI.2022.357266.2005 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36618322/

Study Summary

This experimental study evaluated the protective effects of Moringa oleifera extract against ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis and oxidative liver damage in mice. Animals were treated with 30% ethanol alone or ethanol in combination with Moringa oleifera extract (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg). The study assessed liver function markers (AST, ALT, triglycerides), oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, H₂DCFDA), histopathology (H&E staining, TNF-α immunostaining), antioxidant enzyme activity (GSH), and key molecular signaling pathways (CYP2E1, Nrf2 nuclear translocation). Ethanol-induced liver damage was evidenced by elevated AST, ALT, triglycerides, lipid accumulation, inflammation, and CYP2E1 expression. Moringa oleifera treatment significantly reduced these markers and restored antioxidant defense by enhancing Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response. SPECT imaging confirmed improved liver health in Moringa-treated animals.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Liver Health and Function – Moringa oleifera extract significantly reduced ethanol-induced elevation of AST, ALT, and triglycerides.

  2. Protects Against Fatty Liver and Steatosis – Treatment reduced hepatic fat accumulation, steatosis scores, lobular inflammation, and cellular ballooning.

  3. Combats Oxidative Stress – Moringa extract decreased MDA levels and downregulated CYP2E1 expression, mitigating oxidative liver injury.

  4. Enhances Antioxidant Defense – The extract increased total GSH levels and activated Nrf2 nuclear translocation, promoting endogenous antioxidant pathways.

  5. Plant-Based Support for Alcohol-Related Liver Conditions – Findings suggest that Moringa oleifera extract offers therapeutic potential for preventing or reversing ethanol-induced liver damage.

Kim CG, Chang SN, Park SM, et al. Moringa oleifera mitigates ethanol-induced oxidative stress, fatty degeneration and hepatic steatosis by promoting Nrf2 in mice. Phytomedicine. 2022;100:154037. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154037 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35358929/

Study Summary

This experimental study assessed the protective effects of Moringa oleifera leaves against arsenic-induced toxicity in male Swiss albino mice. The mice were divided into four groups: control, Moringa oleifera only (50 mg/kg/day), sodium arsenite only (10 mg/kg/day), and a combined treatment group receiving both arsenic and Moringa oleifera leaves. After treatment, serum biomarkers of cardiac, liver, and renal function were evaluated. Arsenic exposure significantly increased levels of triglycerides, glucose, urea, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), indicating organ toxicity. However, co-treatment with Moringa oleifera leaves mitigated these effects and normalized serum butyryl cholinesterase activity, total cholesterol, and HDL levels.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Protects Against Arsenic-Induced Organ Toxicity – Moringa oleifera leaf supplementation reversed arsenic-related increases in liver and kidney damage biomarkers (ALT, AST, ALP, urea).

  2. Supports Liver, Cardiac, and Renal Function – Moringa intake preserved normal levels of serum cholesterol, glucose, and cholinesterase activity in arsenic-exposed mice.

  3. Reduces Oxidative and Metabolic Stress – Moringa leaves helped maintain lipid and glucose homeostasis disrupted by arsenic exposure.

  4. Natural Detoxification Support – Results suggest Moringa oleifera may be beneficial in mitigating heavy metal-induced toxicity through nutritional and antioxidant mechanisms.

Sheikh A, Yeasmin F, Agarwal S, et al. Protective effects of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves against arsenic-induced toxicity in mice. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2014;4(Suppl 1):S353-S358. doi:10.12980/APJTB.4.201414B44 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25183111/

Study Summary

This experimental study evaluated the anti-fatigue properties of ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaves (MLEE) in mice using a weight-loaded forced swimming test over 15 days. MLEE was administered at a dose of 320 mg/kg body weight. MLEE-treated mice demonstrated significant increases in serum glucose and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), along with reductions in lactate and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels—key markers of fatigue. Glycogen content in both liver and muscle tissue was elevated, along with increased glycogen synthase activity and NEFA levels in muscle. Western blot analysis revealed that MLEE upregulated the expression of proteins involved in energy metabolism and cellular signaling—AMPKα1, JNK, AKT, and STAT3—within muscle tissue.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Helps Combat Physical Fatigue – MLEE reduced fatigue markers (lactate, BUN) and enhanced energy substrates (glucose, NEFA) during exercise.

  2. Supports Muscle Energy Metabolism – Elevated muscle and liver glycogen stores, along with increased glycogen synthase activity, suggest improved energy availability.

  3. Promotes Endurance Through AMPK Pathway Activation – Upregulation of AMPKα1 and related signaling proteins (JNK, AKT, STAT3) indicates a role in sustaining energy and muscle performance.

  4. Provides Antioxidant and Metabolic Support – The ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera may enhance exercise tolerance and recovery through modulation of oxidative and metabolic stress responses.

  5. Natural Anti-Fatigue Supplement Potential – Results suggest MLEE as a promising botanical intervention for improving physical performance and resilience to fatigue.

Bian X, Wang Y, Yang R, et al. Anti-fatigue properties of the ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaves in mice. J Sci Food Agric. 2023;103(11):5500-5510. doi:10.1002/jsfa.12628 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37062935/

Study Summary

This experimental study investigated the metabolic effects of isothiocyanate-rich Moringa oleifera extract (MC) in mice fed a very high-fat diet (VHFD). Mice receiving 5% MC in their diet (delivering 66 mg/kg/day of moringa isothiocyanates, or MICs) showed significantly reduced fat mass accumulation, improved glucose tolerance, and enhanced insulin sensitivity. The MC group also avoided fatty liver development, in contrast to VHFD-only controls. Key metabolic markers, including plasma insulin, leptin, resistin, cholesterol, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α), were lowered in the MC group. MC supplementation also inhibited hepatic gluconeogenesis by suppressing glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P) expression in both in vivo and in vitro settings. While MICs did not significantly affect adipose thermogenesis or lipolysis, the primary metabolic benefits were attributed to hepatic effects and enhanced insulin signaling.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Healthy Weight Management – MC supplementation reduced body fat gain in mice on a high-fat diet.

  2. Helps Improve Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Tolerance – MC-fed mice showed lower blood glucose, enhanced insulin signaling, and reduced plasma insulin levels.

  3. Reduces Liver Fat and Supports Hepatic Health – Mice treated with MC did not develop fatty liver, and liver enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis were downregulated.

  4. Promotes Healthy Inflammatory Response – Supplementation lowered systemic inflammation markers, including IL-1β and TNF-α.

  5. Natural Support for Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity – Findings support the use of isothiocyanate-rich Moringa oleifera as a functional food to prevent or manage metabolic syndrome.

Waterman C, Rojas-Silva P, Tumer TB, et al. Isothiocyanate-rich Moringa oleifera extract reduces weight gain, insulin resistance, and hepatic gluconeogenesis in mice. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2015;59(6):1013-1024. doi:10.1002/mnfr.201400679 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25620073/

Study Summary

This experimental study evaluated the hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, and antioxidative effects of Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MoLP) and ethanolic leaf extract (MoLE) in a mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) induced by testosterone enanthate. Female albino mice received MoLP (250 or 500 mg/kg), MoLE (250 or 500 mg/kg), or metformin (250 mg/kg) orally for 14 days following PCOS induction. Biochemical analyses showed that both forms of Moringa significantly decreased serum levels of liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP), total bilirubin, and kidney markers (urea, creatinine), while increasing total protein, albumin, globulin, and the albumin/globulin ratio. Antioxidant effects were also observed, as indicated by a significant reduction in serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. These results suggest that Moringa oleifera supplementation mitigates oxidative stress and improves liver and kidney function in PCOS-induced mice.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Liver Health and Function – Moringa oleifera supplementation significantly lowered ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin levels in PCOS-induced mice.

  2. Promotes Kidney Health and Renal Function – Decreased serum urea and creatinine levels indicated nephroprotective effects of Moringa oleifera.

  3. Provides Antioxidant Protection – Treatment reduced oxidative stress biomarkers, particularly malondialdehyde (MDA), enhancing antioxidant defenses.

  4. Helps Maintain Healthy Serum Protein Levels – Moringa improved total protein, albumin, globulin, and albumin/globulin ratios, supporting systemic health.

  5. Natural Support for Managing PCOS-Associated Organ Stress – The study suggests Moringa oleifera leaf powder and extract as beneficial adjuncts for protecting liver and kidney health in PCOS conditions.

Khalid S, Arshad M, Raza K, et al. Assessment of hepatoprotective, nephroprotective efficacy, and antioxidative potential of Moringa oleifera leaf powder and ethanolic extract against PCOS-induced female albino mice (Mus Musculus). Food Sci Nutr. 2023;11(11):7206-7217. Published 2023 Sep 1. doi:10.1002/fsn3.3646 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37970416/

Study Summary

This preclinical study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of Moringa oleifera ethanolic leaf extract in rats with liver damage induced by standard antitubercular drugs—isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RMP), and pyrazinamide (PZA). The administration of these drugs is known to cause hepatic stress and toxicity. Rats treated with Moringa oleifera extract showed significant improvements in liver function markers, including reductions in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and bilirubin. The extract also reduced hepatic lipid content and lipid peroxidation. These biochemical results were supported by histopathological findings, which indicated reduced liver tissue damage in the Moringa-treated group, comparable to the protective effects seen with silymarin, a known hepatoprotective agent. These findings suggest that Moringa oleifera possesses strong hepatoprotective properties in drug-induced liver injury.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Liver Function During Drug Therapy – Moringa oleifera reduced elevated liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP) and bilirubin levels in rats treated with hepatotoxic antitubercular drugs.

  2. Provides Antioxidant Support to the Liver – The extract lowered lipid peroxidation and hepatic lipid levels, indicating protection against oxidative stress.

  3. Helps Maintain Hepatic Tissue Integrity – Histopathological examination confirmed reduced structural liver damage in Moringa-treated animals.

  4. May Aid in Recovery from Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity – The study showed comparable protective effects between Moringa oleifera and silymarin, supporting its potential as a natural adjunct for liver protection during tuberculosis treatment.

Pari L, Kumar NA. Hepatoprotective activity of Moringa oleifera on antitubercular drug-induced liver damage in rats. J Med Food. 2002;5(3):171-177. doi:10.1089/10966200260398206 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12495589/

Study Summary

This longitudinal, randomized comparative clinical trial investigated the effects of Moringa oleifera supplementation on blood glucose and triglyceride levels in HIV-positive adults undergoing antiretroviral therapy with a fixed-dose combination of Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Efavirenz (TLE: 300/300/600 mg). A total of 140 patients (56 males, 84 females) who had been on TLE for at least six months were enrolled at a Nigerian teaching hospital. Participants were administered 200 mg Moringa oleifera capsules starting at baseline (visit 0) and continuing through visit 1 (week 4) and visit 2 (week 12). Blood samples were taken at each visit to measure glucose and triglyceride levels. While no significant changes in glucose were observed at week 4, a statistically significant improvement in blood glucose levels was recorded at week 12 compared to baseline (P < 0.01). No significant differences in triglyceride levels were observed across all visits. These findings suggest that Moringa oleifera may support improved glycemic control in HIV patients undergoing long-term antiretroviral therapy, although it does not appear to influence triglyceride metabolism.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Healthy Blood Sugar Levels in Individuals on Antiretroviral Therapy
    – Moringa oleifera supplementation was associated with a significant reduction in blood glucose at 12 weeks in HIV patients taking Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Efavirenz.

  2. May Help Improve Glycemic Control Over Time
    – Blood glucose levels improved significantly after 12 weeks of continuous Moringa oleifera use, suggesting benefits with long-term intake.

  3. Safe for Use Alongside HIV Medication Regimens
    – No adverse effects on triglyceride levels were observed, indicating metabolic safety when used in combination with antiretroviral therapy.

Tosin, J.O., Wolfe, O.A., Iyeopu, S.M., Simeon, J.O., Chinwe, A. and Lubo, M.T., 2019. Clinical study on the effect of Moringa oleifera on serum level of glucose and tryglyceride in subjects taken tenofovir, lamivudine and efavirenz combination regimen. European Scientific Journal, 15, p.21. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Oyepata-Joseph/publication/335089161_Clinical_Study_on_the_Effect_of_Moringa_oleifera_on_Serum_Level_of_Glucose_and_Tryglyceride_in_Subjects_Taken_Tenofovir_Lamivudine_and_Efavirenz_Combination_Regimen/links/6009468e299bf14088adc8a0/Clinical-Study-on-the-Effect-of-Moringa-oleifera-on-Serum-Level-of-Glucose-and-Tryglyceride-in-Subjects-Taken-Tenofovir-Lamivudine-and-Efavirenz-Combination-Regimen.pdf

Study Summary

This longitudinal, randomized comparative clinical trial assessed the impact of Moringa oleifera leaf powder supplementation on blood lipid parameters in HIV-positive adults receiving a fixed-dose antiretroviral therapy (Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Efavirenz, or TLE: 300/300/600 mg). A total of 140 patients (56 males, 84 females) from a teaching hospital in Nigeria, all of whom had been on TLE therapy for at least six months, were enrolled. Participants were administered 200 mg Moringa oleifera capsules beginning at baseline (visit 0) and continuing through week 4 (visit 1) and week 12 (visit 2). Serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were measured at each time point. The study found a statistically significant reduction in LDL levels at visit 1 compared to baseline, with additional improvement observed by visit 2 (P < 0.01). Similarly, serum triglyceride levels significantly decreased by visit 1 and continued to decline by visit 2 (P < 0.01). These results suggest that Moringa oleifera may support lipid management in individuals undergoing long-term antiretroviral therapy, with consistent benefits on LDL and triglyceride levels over 12 weeks of supplementation.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Helps Maintain Healthy LDL Cholesterol Levels
    – Moringa oleifera supplementation significantly reduced serum LDL levels after both 4 and 12 weeks of use (P < 0.01).

  2. Supports Healthy Triglyceride Levels
    – Statistically significant decreases in serum triglyceride levels were observed by week 4 and further improved by week 12.

  3. Promotes Cardiovascular Health in Individuals on HIV Therapy
    – Improvements in lipid parameters (LDL and triglycerides) may contribute to overall cardiovascular support in patients on antiretroviral therapy.

  4. Safe for Use Alongside Standard HIV Treatment
    – No adverse effects reported, indicating Moringa oleifera is compatible with Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Efavirenz combination therapy.

Oyepata, J.S. and Opeyemi, J.T., 2021. Effect of Clinical Study of Moringa oleifera on Body mass index, Low density lipoprotein and Triglyceride level in Patients on Tenofovir/lamivudine/efavirenz Combination Therapy. Future Natural Products, 6(1), pp.14-27. https://fnp.skums.ac.ir/Article/fnp-106

Study Summary

In a double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial conducted at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in Uganda, 282 people living with HIV (PLWH) who were on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and had CD4 counts ≤ 350 cells/μL were enrolled to assess the effects of Moringa oleifera and Artemisia annua leaf powder supplementation on immune recovery and viral suppression. Participants were randomized into three groups: one receiving Artemisia annua alone, another receiving both A. annua and M. oleifera, and a control group receiving standard care only. After 12 months, the group receiving the combination of M. oleifera and A. annua exhibited a significantly greater mean CD4 count increase (+105.06 cells/μL, p < 0.001), greater viral load reduction (p = 0.022), and increased white blood cell and platelet counts, compared to the control group. Importantly, there were no significant changes in ARV plasma concentrations, indicating no interference with ART pharmacokinetics. These findings suggest that daily supplementation with Moringa oleifera and Artemisia annua may enhance immunological outcomes and virological control in HIV-infected individuals receiving ART, particularly in resource-limited settings.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Immune System Health
    – Supplementation with Moringa oleifera and Artemisia annua significantly increased CD4+ T-cell counts in individuals on ART.

  2. Helps Maintain Healthy White Blood Cell and Platelet Levels
    – Subjects receiving the combination experienced higher WBC and platelet counts, supporting overall hematologic health.

  3. Promotes Healthy Viral Response in HIV-Positive Individuals
    – The intervention group demonstrated significant reductions in viral load when compared to standard care alone.

  4. May Enhance Immune Recovery Alongside Antiretroviral Therapy
    – No interference with ART drug levels was observed, indicating safe integration of Moringa supplementation with standard HIV treatment.

  5. Clinically Studied for Use in Immune-Compromised Individuals
    – Evaluated in a one-year double-blind trial involving 282 HIV-positive adults with compromised CD4 counts.

Twinomujuni SS, Atukunda EC, Mukonzo JK, Nicholas M, Roelofsen F, Ogwang PE. Evaluation of the effects of Artemisia Annua L. and Moringa Oleifera Lam. on CD4 count and viral load among PLWH on ART at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial. AIDS Res Ther. 2024;21(1):22. Published 2024 Apr 16. doi:10.1186/s12981-024-00609-4 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38627722/

Study Summary

This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial investigated the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf supplementation on breast milk volume in early postpartum women. A total of 88 mothers were enrolled and randomized to receive either Moringa oleifera capsules (900 mg/day) or placebo starting shortly after delivery. The primary outcome was breast milk volume measured on the third postpartum day. Although the difference in median breast milk volume between the Moringa and placebo groups was not statistically significant (73.5 mL vs. 50 mL; p = 0.19), the Moringa group produced 47% more milk than the placebo group. Furthermore, the exclusive breastfeeding rate at 6 months postpartum reached 52.3% in the Moringa group, aligning with WHO targets for breastfeeding promotion. No adverse events were reported, and the supplement was well tolerated. These findings suggest that while statistical significance was not achieved, Moringa oleifera leaf capsules may have a clinically relevant galactagogue effect in early postpartum women.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. May Support Increased Breast Milk Production – Moringa oleifera leaf supplementation was associated with a 47% higher breast milk volume compared to placebo on postpartum day 3.

  2. Promotes Healthy Lactation in Postpartum Women – Participants in the Moringa oleifera group showed a greater volume of breast milk and a higher exclusive breastfeeding rate at 6 months postpartum.

  3. Helps Meet Breastfeeding Goals – The exclusive breastfeeding rate in the Moringa oleifera group met the WHO’s 6-month target (52.3%).

  4. Natural Support for Breastfeeding Mothers – This study supports the traditional use of Moringa oleifera as a galactagogue herb to enhance breast milk supply.

  5. Well-Tolerated Herbal Supplement for Lactation – No adverse events were reported, indicating Moringa oleifera was safe and well tolerated in postpartum women.

Fungtammasan, S. and Phupong, V., 2022. The effect of Moringa oleifera capsule in increasing breast milk volume in early postpartum patients: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X, 16, p.100171. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590161322000321

Study Summary

This randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study investigated the effects of Moringa oleifera leaf aqueous extract on physical performance and antioxidant function in young adult males. A total of 44 participants (average age 26.3 ± 3.5 years) were randomly assigned to receive either the Moringa oleifera supplement (n = 23) or placebo (n = 21) for 30 days. The supplement group exhibited notable improvements in upper-body strength (as measured by push-ups) and treadmill endurance time compared to the placebo group. Additionally, the Moringa oleifera group showed favorable biochemical changes, including reductions in serum glucose, urea, and malondialdehyde (a marker of oxidative stress), as well as increased glutathione peroxidase activity, a key antioxidant enzyme. These results suggest that daily supplementation with aqueous Moringa oleifera leaf extract may enhance physical performance and support antioxidant defense mechanisms in healthy young adults following exercise.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Physical Performance and Endurance
    – Supplementation with Moringa oleifera leaf extract improved push-up strength and treadmill time-to-exhaustion in young adults.

  2. Promotes Post-Exercise Recovery and Energy Metabolism
    – Improvements in blood glucose and urea levels suggest a beneficial role in post-exercise energy management.

  3. Supports Antioxidant Defense Systems
    – Increased glutathione peroxidase activity and reduced malondialdehyde levels indicate enhanced antioxidant protection.

  4. Helps Maintain Healthy Oxidative Stress Response
    – Reduction in markers of oxidative stress supports Moringa oleifera’s role in maintaining cellular balance post-exercise.

Dong W, Bian X, Wan M, et al. Moringa oleifera leaf extracts improve exercise performance in young male adults: A pilot study. Phytomedicine. 2024;131:155751. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155751 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38852476/

Study Summary

This double-blind, randomized controlled trial evaluated the impact of Moringa oleifera leaf powder supplementation on the quality of life (QoL) of adults living with HIV in Nigeria. A total of 200 patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) were randomized to receive either Moringa oleifera (MOG) or placebo (COG) over a six-month period. The WHOQOL-HIV-BREF instrument was used to assess QoL across six domains: physical health, psychological well-being, level of independence, social relationships, environment, and spirituality. At the end of the study, 177 participants completed follow-up. The Moringa group showed statistically significant improvements in all six domains (p < 0.05), while the control group exhibited significant gains only in the social, environmental, and spiritual domains. Between-group comparisons at six months revealed that the Moringa oleifera group experienced significantly greater improvements in physical health, psychological well-being, independence, and social relationships. These findings suggest that Moringa oleifera may serve as a beneficial adjunct nutritional intervention to enhance the overall well-being of individuals with HIV on ART.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Physical Well-Being in People Living with HIV
    – Moringa oleifera supplementation led to significant improvements in the physical domain of quality of life in HIV-positive individuals on ART.

  2. Promotes Psychological and Emotional Health
    – Participants receiving Moringa oleifera experienced improved psychological well-being, as assessed by validated QoL measures.

  3. Helps Maintain Functional Independence
    – The Moringa group reported significant gains in their level of independence compared to the control group.

  4. Enhances Social Relationships and Connectedness
    – Supplementation resulted in better social relationship scores, reflecting improved social support and interaction.

  5. Nutritional Support for Quality of Life in HIV Management
    – As an adjunct to ART, Moringa oleifera contributed to comprehensive improvements in multiple QoL dimensions for individuals living with HIV.

  6. Safe and Effective Herbal Support for Long-Term Well-Being
    – No adverse effects were reported, and consistent six-month intake of Moringa oleifera was associated with broad health benefits in a vulnerable population.

Gambo, A., Moodley, I., Babashani, M. and Babalola, T.K., 2021. Impact of Moringa Oleifera leaves supplementation on quality of life of people living with HIV: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. Quality of Life Research, 30, pp.2563-2571. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11136-021-02842-0

Study Summary

This preliminary study evaluated the acute effects of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf powder on insulin secretion and blood glucose levels in ten healthy volunteers (mean age: 29 years; BMI: 20.6 kg/m²). Subjects received escalating oral doses of MO (0, 1, 2, and 4 grams) every two weeks after an overnight fast. Blood samples were collected at baseline and at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, and 6 hours post-dose to assess plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. Results showed that although plasma glucose remained stable across all doses, insulin secretion increased in a dose-dependent manner, with the 4 g dose significantly raising plasma insulin levels and the insulin/glucose area-under-the-curve (AUC) ratio by 74% compared to baseline (p = 0.041). These findings suggest that Moringa oleifera leaf powder may enhance endogenous insulin secretion without inducing hypoglycemia, highlighting its potential role in supporting glucose regulation.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Helps Support Healthy Insulin Secretion
    – A single 4 g dose of Moringa oleifera significantly increased plasma insulin levels in healthy adults.

  2. May Assist in Glucose Regulation
    – The increase in insulin secretion occurred without changes in blood glucose levels, indicating potential support for healthy glucose metabolism.

  3. Provides Nutritional Support for Pancreatic Function
    – Enhanced insulin/glucose AUC ratio suggests that Moringa oleifera may help maintain normal pancreatic insulin response.

  4. Clinically Studied for Postprandial Glycemic Support
    – Evaluated in a dose-escalation human trial assessing metabolic responses over six hours.

Anthanont P, Lumlerdkij N, Akarasereenont P, Vannasaeng S, Sriwijitkamol A. Moringa Oleifera Leaf Increases Insulin Secretion after Single Dose Administration: A Preliminary Study in Healthy Subjects. J Med Assoc Thai. 2016;99(3):308-313. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27276742/

Study Summary

In this 12-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, researchers assessed the effects of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf powder on glycemic control in adults with prediabetes. A total of 65 participants were assigned to receive either MO capsules (2400 mg/day; n = 31) or placebo (n = 34). Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), gut microbiota, renal/hepatic function markers, and appetite-regulating hormones were evaluated at baseline and study completion. Statistically significant differences were found in glycemic markers: FBG and HbA1c levels decreased in the MO group but increased in the placebo group. No significant changes were noted in microbiota composition, hormone levels, or organ function markers. These results suggest that Moringa oleifera leaf supplementation may serve as a safe and effective nutritional strategy for supporting glycemic balance in individuals with prediabetes.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Helps Maintain Healthy Blood Sugar Levels
    – Moringa oleifera supplementation resulted in decreased fasting glucose and HbA1c in prediabetic individuals, compared to placebo.

  2. Supports Glycemic Control in Prediabetes
    – MO leaf capsules were associated with improvements in blood sugar regulation markers over a 12-week period.

  3. Natural Antihyperglycemic Support
    – Clinical data suggest MO may serve as a natural aid for individuals seeking to manage elevated blood glucose levels.

  4. Safe for Daily Use in Adults with Prediabetes
    – No adverse effects were observed on gut microbiota, hepatic or renal markers, indicating a favorable safety profile.

Gómez-Martínez, S., Díaz-Prieto, L.E., Castro, I.V., Jurado, C., Iturmendi, N., Martín-Ridaura, M.C., Calle, N., Dueñas, M., Picón, M.J., Marcos, A. and Nova, E., 2021. Moringa oleifera leaf supplementation as a glycemic control strategy in subjects with prediabetes. Nutrients, 14(1), p.57. https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/1/57

Study Summary

In this six-month, double-blind, randomized study, 200 HIV-positive adults on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Nigeria were assigned to receive either Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOG group) or a placebo (COG group). Monthly evaluations of anthropometric parameters (weight and BMI) and CD4+ T-cell counts were conducted, with viral load measured at baseline and at the study's end. While no significant differences were noted in weight, BMI, or viral load between the two groups, the Moringa oleifera group demonstrated a statistically significant increase in CD4 cell counts over time (p < 0.0001). The increase in CD4+ counts in the MOG group was 10.33-fold greater than in the placebo group. These findings indicate that Moringa oleifera supplementation may help enhance immune status in HIV-positive individuals without affecting viral load or body composition.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Immune Health in HIV-Positive Individuals
    – Moringa oleifera supplementation significantly increased CD4+ T-cell counts in patients on ART over a 6-month period.

  2. Promotes Healthy CD4 Cell Levels
    – CD4 counts in the Moringa oleifera group were over 10 times higher than those in the placebo group, supporting T-cell immune function.

  3. Safe Nutritional Support for People Living with HIV
    – No significant differences in body weight, BMI, or viral load suggest the supplement is well-tolerated and does not interfere with ART.

  4. May Help Maintain Immune Function in Resource-Limited Settings
    – Results support Moringa oleifera as a cost-effective adjunct for immune support in HIV care where nutritional interventions are needed.

Gambo, A., Moodley, I., Babashani, M., Babalola, T.K. and Gqaleni, N., 2021. A double-blind, randomized controlled trial to examine the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf powder supplementation on the immune status and anthropometric parameters of adult HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy in a resource-limited setting. PloS one, 16(12), p.e0261935. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0261935

Study Summary

In this 4-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial, healthy adult participants were administered Moringa oleifera seed extract (MSE) containing 12 mg of glucomoringin daily to evaluate its effects on physical discomfort, fatigue, sleep quality, and overall quality of life (QOL). Assessments were performed weekly using a visual analog scale (VAS), along with evaluations of oxidative stress markers. Results showed that MSE significantly reduced subjective symptoms of physical discomfort such as joint pain, stiff shoulders/neck, and muscle pain—particularly in individuals with higher baseline oxidative stress. Female participants also reported improvements in fatigue, motivation, and sleep quality. These outcomes suggest that MSE may positively influence QOL by alleviating physical strain and enhancing rest and recovery in healthy individuals.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Helps Relieve Occasional Joint and Muscle Discomfort
    – Moringa seed extract supplementation reduced stiffness in the neck and shoulders, as well as joint and muscle pain, in healthy individuals.

  2. Promotes Physical Comfort During Daily Activity
    – Participants reported reduced physical discomfort and improved daily well-being, especially those with higher oxidative stress levels.

  3. Supports Restful Sleep and Recovery
    – Moringa seed extract improved subjective sleep quality, particularly among female participants.

  4. Helps Alleviate Occasional Fatigue
    – Supplementation with MSE contributed to decreased fatigue and enhanced overall physical motivation.

  5. Promotes Antioxidant Activity in Individuals with High Oxidative Stress
    – Improvements were observed in oxidative stress markers among participants with elevated baseline oxidative load.

Abe, A., Kapoor, M.P., Morishima, S., Timm, D., Nakajima, A., Ozeki, M. and Sato, N., 2023. Alleviating the physical discomfort in healthy individuals with Moringa seed extract: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. Functional Foods in Health and Disease, 13(10), pp.459-475. https://www.ffhdj.com/index.php/ffhd/article/view/1142

Study Summary

This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effects of Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOLP) supplementation on maternal health and infant birth weight in 38 moderately anaemic pregnant women in their third trimester, living in rural South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either 2 g/day of MOLP (administered in four 500 mg capsules) or a standard iron-folic acid (IFA) supplement (60 mg iron, 400 mcg folic acid) for two months. Both groups showed improved haemoglobin levels, but the MOLP group had a significantly greater increase (mean 1.46 vs. 0.76 g/dL). Additionally, perceived stress scores and cortisol levels significantly declined in the MOLP group, while the IFA group showed a worsening of these stress markers. Notably, the average birth weight in the MOLP group was significantly higher (3390 g vs. 2937 g). These findings suggest that MOLP is a safe and effective prenatal supplement that supports maternal wellbeing and fetal growth in anaemic pregnancies.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Healthy Hemoglobin Levels in Pregnancy
    – MOLP supplementation significantly improved hemoglobin levels in anaemic third-trimester pregnant women.

  2. Helps Maintain Healthy Stress Response During Pregnancy
    – MOLP reduced both perceived stress scores and cortisol levels, indicating support for emotional and hormonal balance in late pregnancy.

  3. Promotes Healthy Fetal Growth and Birth Weight
    – Infants born to mothers who consumed MOLP had significantly higher average birth weights than those in the standard iron-folic acid group.

  4. Supports Maternal Well-Being in Late Pregnancy
    – Improvements in psychological stress markers and nutritional status suggest that MOLP may enhance overall maternal health.

  5. Natural Nutritional Support for Pregnant Women
    – MOLP provided safe, plant-based support comparable to standard IFA supplementation, with additional benefits on stress and fetal outcomes.

Hadju, V., Marks, G.C., Nontji, W., Abdul Hafid, R. and Arundhana, A.I., 2020. 'Moringa oleifera'leaf powder supplementation improved the maternal health and birth weight: A randomised controlled trial in pregnant women. Australian Journal of Herbal and Naturopathic Medicine, 32(3), pp.94-101. https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/informit.385236699389737

Study Summary

This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled parallel-group trial investigated the effects of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf powder supplementation on inflammatory and cardiometabolic biomarkers in 65 adults with prediabetes over 12 weeks. Participants consumed six capsules daily (total 2400 mg/day of MO powder) or a placebo. The study evaluated changes in inflammatory markers (including TNF-α), lipid profile, fecal calprotectin, plasma antioxidant capacity, and blood pressure. Although no significant group-level differences were found between MO and placebo regarding biomarker change scores, a decision tree analysis revealed that baseline plasma TNF-α levels were a strong predictor of glycemic improvement (as measured by HbA1c) among participants in the MO group. This suggests that individuals with elevated TNF-α may be more responsive to MO supplementation in terms of glycemic control.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Supports Healthy Glucose Metabolism in Prediabetic Individuals
    – MO leaf powder may help improve glycemic control (HbA1c) in individuals with elevated TNF-α, a key inflammatory marker.

  2. May Help Maintain Healthy Inflammatory Balance
    – Plasma TNF-α levels were identified as a predictor of glycemic response to MO supplementation, indicating potential inflammation-modulating properties.

  3. Provides Nutritional Support for Metabolic Health
    – MO supplementation showed individual glycemic benefits in those with inflammatory profiles, suggesting potential as part of a personalized approach to metabolic support.

  4. May Promote a Balanced Immune Response in At-Risk Populations
    – The relationship between TNF-α and HbA1c improvements implies a possible immunonutritional role for MO in metabolic health management.

Díaz-Prieto, L.E., Gómez-Martínez, S., Vicente-Castro, I., Heredia, C., González-Romero, E.A., Martín-Ridaura, M.D.C., Ceinos, M., Picón, M.J., Marcos, A. and Nova, E., 2022. Effects of Moringa oleifera Lam. supplementation on inflammatory and cardiometabolic markers in subjects with prediabetes. Nutrients, 14(9), p.1937. https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/9/1937

Study Summary

This longitudinal randomized comparative trial evaluated the effects of Moringa oleifera supplementation on blood triglyceride and cholesterol levels in 140 adult HIV patients (56 males, 84 females) who had been receiving the antiretroviral therapy combination of Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Efavirenz (TLE, 300/300/600 mg) for at least six months. Participants were recruited from a teaching hospital in Nigeria and supplemented with 200 mg Moringa oleifera capsules from the first day (visit 0) through follow-ups at week 4 (visit 1) and week 12 (visit 2). Blood lipid profiles were analyzed at each visit. The Moringa-supplemented group demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in both triglyceride and total cholesterol levels (p < 0.01) at visits 1 and 2 compared to baseline. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in the control group that did not receive Moringa supplementation. These findings indicate that Moringa oleifera may offer a supportive role in managing lipid abnormalities in patients on long-term TLE therapy.

Claims (Based on Outcomes)

  1. Helps Maintain Healthy Triglyceride Levels
    – Moringa oleifera supplementation was associated with a significant reduction in blood triglyceride levels among patients on TLE therapy.

  2. Supports Healthy Cholesterol Levels
    – Daily supplementation with Moringa oleifera led to a significant decrease in total cholesterol levels after 12 weeks.

  3. Promotes Cardiovascular Health in Individuals on Antiretroviral Therapy
    – Improvements in lipid profile suggest cardiovascular support for HIV patients receiving Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Efavirenz.

  4. Supports Metabolic Wellness in HIV Patients
    – Moringa oleifera may aid in counteracting lipid-related side effects of long-term antiretroviral treatment.

Simeon, J.O., Zubairu, S.A. and Tosin, J.O., 2021. Clinical evaluation of the potential benefits of taking Moringa oleifera on blood triglyceride and cholesterol level in patient taking Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Efavirenz (TLE) combination. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 13(10), pp.623-629. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Oyepata-Joseph/publication/355856009_Clinical_evaluation_of_the_potential_benefits_of_taking_Moringa_oleifera_on_blood_triglyceride_and_cholesterol_level_in_patient_taking_TenofovirLamivudineEfavirenz_TLE_combination/links/618162210be8ec17a9610b96/Clinical-evaluation-of-the-potential-benefits-of-taking-Moringa-oleifera-on-blood-triglyceride-and-cholesterol-level-in-patient-taking-Tenofovir-Lamivudine-Efavirenz-TLE-combination.pdf

Studies / Research

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